In the last weeks, the media has mentioned the return to the Monroe Doctrine in Latin America due to the current tensions between President Donald Trump and Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, as well as the American bombing of Venezuelan ships in the Caribbean. In several press articles, journalists even mention a “Donroe Doctrine” (The New York Times, 2025).

Venezuela possesses the world's largest oil reserves. In 2018, the CIA estimated these reserves at over 300 billion barrels. Well…despite an economic growth rate of 5% in 2024, in Venezuela, more than half of the population lives below the poverty line and the annual inflation rate exceeds 200%. Due to the political situation, it is not easy to find official data…however, 7.9 million Venezuelans have left the country hoping to find refuge elsewhere. Why is that?

Discover all the latest information and data available on Venezuela: GDP, population, unemployment, inflation, political regime...

The creation of UNASUR represents one of the most important regional integration initiatives in Latin America, however, it has been inactive for years now, why is that?

To what extent have the accumulated failures of right-wing governments since the 2010s led to the return of the left to power?

The chavism is a political ideology in Venezuela oriented to socialism and Bolivarianism.