Fidelismo or castrismo (Fidelism or castroism in English) is a Cuban school of thought and refers to the beliefs of the former president of Cuba, Fidel Castro, who was an anti-imperialist and nationalist revolutionary. Fidelismo is a political and social movement known worldwide that has influenced other schools of thought in Latin America and even in Africa. However, Castroism only exists in Cuba. It is deeply linked to its history and in particular, to the Cuban revolution.

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On May 12, 2025, in an interview with Bloomberg, Colombian President Gustavo Petro announced that Colombia would join China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), becoming the twenty-first Latin American country to integrate the project. Is the Belt Road Initiative a driver of industrial development for Latin America?